{
  "chain_slug": "linea",
  "name": "Linea",
  "scorecard_profile": "rollup-L2",
  "evaluated_at": "2026-04-18",
  "evaluator": "layerqu-v2-scoring-agent-3",
  "v1_reference": "chainscreen-v1-archive",
  "dimensions": {
    "1_cryptographic_exposure": {
      "weight": 0.12,
      "score": 25,
      "sub_scores": {
        "1a_primitive_inventory": {
          "score": 10,
          "primitives_named": [
            "ECDSA secp256k1 (inherited from Ethereum)",
            "PLONK + Arcane (KZG pairing-based zkEVM prover)",
            "Keccak-256",
            "BN254 (pairing curve)"
          ],
          "evidence": [
            "https://docs.linea.build"
          ],
          "note": "Consensys zkEVM. PLONK with Arcane — pairing-based SNARKs."
        },
        "1b_shor_grover_pq_tag": {
          "score": 10,
          "tags": {
            "ECDSA secp256k1": "Shor-break",
            "PLONK-KZG (BN254)": "Shor-break (pairing-based)",
            "Keccak-256": "Grover-weaken-128bit"
          },
          "evidence": []
        },
        "1c_algorithm_family_diversity": {
          "score": 0,
          "families_represented": 0,
          "families": [],
          "note": "No PQC families deployed"
        },
        "1d_nist_security_category": {
          "score": 0,
          "mappings": {},
          "note": "No NIST PQC primitives deployed"
        },
        "1e_implementation_quality": {
          "score": 5,
          "formal_verification": "Consensys formal methods group (Arcane system)",
          "constant_time": "standard libraries",
          "libraries": [
            "gnark (Consensys) for PLONK",
            "Besu-derived client"
          ],
          "evidence": [
            "https://github.com/ConsenSys/gnark"
          ]
        }
      },
      "total_artifacts": 2
    },
    "2_hndl_exposure": {
      "weight": 0.08,
      "score": 12,
      "sub_scores": {
        "2a_active_key_exposure": {
          "score": 3,
          "note": "EOA ECDSA inherited from Ethereum. Linea TVL + MetaMask-routed flows exposed."
        },
        "2b_cold_key_exposure": {
          "score": 3,
          "note": "Mainnet since July 2023. ~2.5 years of cold keys."
        },
        "2c_signature_longterm_validity": {
          "score": 3,
          "note": "ECDSA Shor-breakable. PLONK-KZG proofs also Shor-breakable (pairing-based)."
        },
        "2d_encryption_confidentiality": {
          "score": 3,
          "note": "Standard TLS. No PQC KEM."
        }
      },
      "total_artifacts": 1
    },
    "3_metadata_privacy_exposure": {
      "weight": 0.08,
      "score": 20,
      "sub_scores": {
        "3a_tx_graph_visibility": {
          "score": 5,
          "note": "Pseudonymous EVM transparency. MetaMask integration exposes default user patterns."
        },
        "3b_rpc_mempool_concentration": {
          "score": 5,
          "note": "Consensys-operated sequencer. Infura-heavy RPC routing."
        },
        "3c_cross_chain_bridge_correlation": {
          "score": 5,
          "note": "ETH<->Linea bridge visible. MetaMask-routed flows correlate heavily."
        },
        "3d_retroactive_deanon_risk": {
          "score": 5,
          "note": "PLONK-KZG breaks under Shor but Linea is non-private by design."
        }
      },
      "total_artifacts": 1
    },
    "4_migration_architecture": {
      "weight": 0.15,
      "score": 35,
      "sub_scores": {
        "4a_crypto_agility": {
          "score": 10,
          "note": "PLONK prover modularity — Consensys controls upgrade. Arcane → Vortex (STARK-ish) transition discussed; potential PQ-leaning path."
        },
        "4b_account_abstraction_key_rotation": {
          "score": 10,
          "note": "Inherits Ethereum ERC-4337/EIP-7702 AA. MetaMask Smart Accounts integration."
        },
        "4c_hard_fork_track_record": {
          "score": 8,
          "note": "Multiple Linea upgrades since 2023. Consensys coordinated."
        },
        "4d_hybrid_deployment_readiness": {
          "score": 7,
          "note": "No hybrid PQC envelope but Vortex (STARK-based) discussion gives theoretical path. Inherits Ethereum roadmap."
        }
      },
      "total_artifacts": 2
    },
    "5_deployment_execution": {
      "weight": 0.22,
      "score": 2,
      "sub_scores": {
        "5a_mainnet_pqc_pct": {
          "score": 0,
          "mainnet_pqc_pct": 0,
          "evidence": [],
          "note": "no public artifact found"
        },
        "5b_pqc_code_in_client": {
          "score": 0,
          "note": "no public artifact found"
        },
        "5c_validator_pqc_adoption": {
          "score": 0,
          "note": "no public artifact found (single sequencer)"
        },
        "5d_published_milestones_count": {
          "score": 2,
          "count": 1,
          "milestones": [
            "Vortex STARK-based prover discussion (Consensys roadmap)"
          ],
          "note": "Discussed but not dated PQ-deployment milestone."
        },
        "5e_pqc_washing_delta": {
          "score": 0,
          "ratio": 1,
          "note": "Minimal PQC messaging."
        }
      },
      "total_artifacts": 1
    },
    "6_supply_chain_vendor_readiness": {
      "weight": 0.25,
      "score": 10,
      "sub_scores": {
        "6a_wallet": {
          "score": 3,
          "top3": [
            "MetaMask",
            "Rabby",
            "Trust Wallet"
          ],
          "pqc_roadmap_count": 0,
          "note": "Consensys-owned MetaMask; strong vendor consolidation."
        },
        "6b_bridge": {
          "score": 2,
          "top3": [
            "Linea Native Bridge",
            "LayerZero",
            "Across"
          ],
          "pqc_roadmap_count": 0
        },
        "6c_custodian": {
          "score": 3,
          "top3": [
            "MetaMask Institutional",
            "Fireblocks (research only)",
            "BitGo"
          ],
          "pqc_roadmap_count": 0
        },
        "6d_rpc_hsm": {
          "score": 2,
          "top3": [
            "Infura",
            "Alchemy",
            "QuickNode"
          ],
          "pqc_roadmap_count": 0
        }
      },
      "total_artifacts": 1
    },
    "7_governance_coordination": {
      "weight": 0.1,
      "score": 35,
      "sub_scores": {
        "7a_validator_stake_distribution": {
          "score": 6,
          "note": "Centralized Consensys sequencer. No validator set."
        },
        "7b_upgrade_cadence_under_pressure": {
          "score": 10,
          "note": "Consensys-coordinated upgrades. Good delivery cadence."
        },
        "7c_named_coordination_lead": {
          "score": 14,
          "note": "Consensys (Joe Lubin). Strong institutional backing + named cryptography research team (gnark)."
        },
        "7d_adversarial_coordination_precedent": {
          "score": 5,
          "note": "Consensys has handled MetaMask Snap security incidents. No PQC-specific precedent."
        }
      },
      "total_artifacts": 2
    }
  },
  "gates": {
    "hybrid_deployment": "FAIL",
    "evidence_reconstruction": "PASS",
    "primitive_naming": "PASS"
  },
  "caps_applied": [
    "Mosca (5a<20% → QRI max 60)",
    "Sutor (5d count=1 — Migration Stage max 2)",
    "Casado (3+ vendor tiles pqc=0 → migration_stage max 3)",
    "Hybrid gate FAIL → QRI cap 60"
  ],
  "qri": {
    "raw": 18,
    "after_caps": 18,
    "ci_plus_minus": 10,
    "band": 2,
    "band_name": "Acknowledged"
  },
  "migration_stage": 0,
  "mosca_inequality": {
    "X_signature_shelf_life_years": "5-10 (inherited Ethereum EOA pattern)",
    "Y_migration_time_years_range": "8-12 (Consensys-coordinated; strong research team)",
    "Z_10pct_year": 2036,
    "Z_50pct_year": 2041,
    "danger_zone_at_50pct": true
  },
  "four_scenario_grid": {
    "quantum_never": {
      "value_preserved_pct": 100,
      "privacy_preserved_pct": 100
    },
    "arrives_suddenly_pre_migration": {
      "value_preserved_pct": 10,
      "privacy_preserved_pct": 10
    },
    "arrives_slowly_post_migration": {
      "value_preserved_pct": 85,
      "privacy_preserved_pct": 70
    },
    "arrives_slowly_mid_migration": {
      "value_preserved_pct": 40,
      "privacy_preserved_pct": 30
    }
  },
  "burn_vs_rescue_policy": "undeclared",
  "pqc_washing_ratio": 1,
  "vendor_tile_summary": {
    "wallet": {
      "top3": [
        "MetaMask",
        "Rabby",
        "Trust Wallet"
      ],
      "pqc_roadmap_count": 0
    },
    "bridge": {
      "top3": [
        "Linea Native Bridge",
        "LayerZero",
        "Across"
      ],
      "pqc_roadmap_count": 0
    },
    "custodian": {
      "top3": [
        "MetaMask Institutional",
        "Fireblocks",
        "BitGo"
      ],
      "pqc_roadmap_count": 0
    },
    "rpc_hsm": {
      "top3": [
        "Infura",
        "Alchemy",
        "QuickNode"
      ],
      "pqc_roadmap_count": 0
    }
  },
  "narrative_summary": "Linea is a Consensys zkEVM L2 using PLONK + Arcane prover over BN254 (pairing-based, Shor-breakable). Strong institutional backing via Consensys/MetaMask/Infura. Vortex (STARK-based prover) roadmap discussion offers a theoretical PQ-leaning path. No PQC deployed, no dated roadmap. Band 2 Acknowledged via Consensys research signals.",
  "evaluator_notes": "Consensys is the strongest corporate backing in this batch. gnark cryptography team + research culture is a meaningful migration architecture positive. Vortex prover discussion is a soft PQ-leaning signal but not a dated milestone. MetaMask-routed user flows concentrate HNDL vectors.",
  "narrative_voiced": "Linea is a Consensys zkEVM whose PLONK-KZG prover runs over BN254, a pairing curve that Shor dismantles as cleanly as it dismantles ECDSA. The institutional bench is the strongest in the batch, including the gnark team. The published PQ-leaning path is a roadmap comment about Vortex, not a dated milestone."
}